Real Estate, The Economy, and News: College Graduates

Showing posts with label College Graduates. Show all posts

Friday, April 15, 2016

Millennials Better at Saving Than Previously Assumed

Millennials are often stereotyped as being bad with money. Many people view those 20-something-year-olds as frivolous spenders, more concerned with the here and now than with the future. However, according to recent research, Millennials don't actually deserve this classification. According to Jonnelle Marte's L.A. Times article, they are saving much more aggressively than in past years, and in some cases are saving more than their middle-aged counterparts.

In the study, "Millennials" were defined as consumers between the ages of 18 and 29, and the results blew away many assumptions previously made about their age group. About 62% of Millennials are saving more than 5% of their income for retirement, emergencies, or other future financial goals. This is a significant improvement from last year when only about 42% of Millennials put the same portion of their pay toward savings. Comparatively, it was found that about 50% of consumers between the ages of 30 and 49 were putting as much into savings.

Analysts believe that Millennials' interest in saving money for a rainy day may come from personal experience or what they saw family members go through. Many, especially those straight out of college, struggled to get a job during the recession. Others, even if unaffected themselves, watched as family members were hit by layoffs and saw how hard it was for parents or even grandparents to recover. Likely because of this, 40% of Millennials are putting their savings aside for an emergency, rather than for retirement or something else that would matter the most in the distant future. They know how hard it can be to survive if they unexpectedly lose their job, and as such, want to be sufficiently prepared.

How are Millennials able to save more money now than in previous years? Some are cutting their spending, realizing that instant gratification isn't worth potential financial struggles in the future. Others are getting better jobs or being promoted to better-paying positions in the recovering company, and therefore are earning more money and are more able to put some of it toward savings. Some went back to school when they found that they couldn't find work during the recession and are putting their degrees to use in getting jobs now.

Not all Millennials are choosing to put their money aside for emergencies. Many are saving in order to be able to afford big purchases in the near future. About 27% are saving for a future home, 26% are saving for a car, and 36% are saving to go on vacation. No matter what they are saving for, researchers agree that Millennials have come to understand the value of saving, often more than their older counterparts. When asked about their major goals, the majority chose "saving", while smaller, but still significant, portions chose "leading a healthy lifestyle" or "paying down debt." Saving money can have a positive impact on anyone's life, so it's a good thing that more individuals have come to realize the value of saving over spending.

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Tuesday, May 19, 2015

Where Have All the Workers Gone?

1/16/15 - Unemployment rates have been found to be decreasing throughout the country. The labor force participation rate, on the other hand, which shows the number of people working or not working, rather than just those classified as “unemployed,” has also been shown to be on a downward slope. So, what causes the seeming paradox between these two measurements. According to Michael Hiltzik, in his Los Angeles Times article, this discrepancy is due to a significant number of “missing” workers: those workers who are not working, and at the same time are not considered “unemployed.” Where have these so-called “missing workers” really gone?

How is it possible for both participation rates and unemployment rates to go down? Some economists believe that this phenomenon is due to a lack of effectiveness in current governmental policies meant to create and fill necessary jobs. Such economists theorize that the extreme difficulty many people are having in finding work has led them to stop searching altogether, to drop out of the labor force completely. Hiltzik, on the other hand, disagrees with this conclusion, preferring an alternative explanation.

Hiltzik presents sources in the article that seem to show that up to three-quarters of the perceived decline in participation rate is actually due to such factors as the retirement of baby boomers and the enrollment of workers in universities and other institutions of higher learning, both of which have little to do with the state of the economy. Over the past few decades, participation rates have been steadily declining, for both men and women. Statistics show that as the economy improves, the participation rate should improve as well.

Whatever the reason for the current employment trends, it is evident that the economy needs to get better. Hiltzik concludes his article as such: while the participation rate is declining, there is still room for it to recover. Workers may be out of the labor force due to the Great Recession, or lowering wages, or a variety of other possible reasons, but as the economy improves, workers should return.

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Labor Force Participation Rates Declining

12/19/14 - To the average observer, it would appear that California’s economy is steadily recovering. Unemployment rates are down, and new jobs are being introduced at a constant pace. Yet, in Tiffany Hsu’s L.A. Times article, it is revealed that the labor force is much smaller than it may seem.

Unemployment rates are measured based on the number of people receiving unemployment benefits from the government, not necessarily based on the number of people actually without work. Once someone has given up and stopped looking for work altogether, they are no longer considered “unemployed,” since they no longer qualify for unemployment benefits. So, “unemployment rates” tend to be quite misleading.

According to Hsu’s sources, the more accurate measurement of the labor force’s stability is the “labor force participation rate” – the number of people working or actively looking for work in proportion to the number of working-age individuals in the population. This, compared to the “unemployment rate” is more accurate in that it takes into account individuals who have given up on finding employment. The currently falling labor force participation rate has dramatic implications on the state of the economy.

A drop in the participation rate could mean that the jobs available are not the jobs people need. For many with college degrees and experience in well-paying fields, a plethora of jobs in the fast food industry means very little. Even for those who are willing to “lower their standards” and accept jobs for which they are “overqualified,” like a barista or salesperson, such positions have so much competition that the odds of gaining employment are slight. In the end, many individuals simply prefer to stay unemployed rather than risk losing such government benefits as Supplemental Security Income or Social Security Disability Insurance.

No matter what the reason, a decrease in the participation rate can’t be a good thing. With more seniors continuing to work well into their sixties and seventies, and new graduates looking for work straight out of school, only so many positions are available to recently laid-off workers. If higher-paying positions are unavailable in California, job-seekers will look elsewhere for employment, and that can have consequences.

While a decline in unemployment rates may seem like a positive sign, Hsu shows why this positive impact is limited. Statistics are misleading, but the bottom line is this: we need to get people back into the labor force. The state has been creating new jobs, but mainly in lower-paying fields. Workers, especially those with college degrees, want to work in jobs “worthy” of their skills. Thus, to bring the workers back in, the creation of better jobs must be a priority.

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Low-Paying Jobs Filling the Southland

12/5/14 - According to recent data, job creation in the Southland has steadily been making its way back to higher levels. However, this data can be misleading. While new jobs are being created, thus allowing more unemployed workers back into the labor force, most of these jobs are in food service and retail sales. Such low-paying jobs, while better than nothing, don't provide the kind of increased domestic productivity that our economy so desperately needs. In his L.A. Times article, Chris Kirkham looks into the effects that this trend may have on the ongoing economic recovery.

Kirkham's sources point to two possibilities for this trend: 1) a decrease in the availability of jobs in higher-paying industries; or the more likely option 2) a lack of individuals with advanced education forces such industries to look elsewhere for employees. As Kirkham points out, many of the industries that once provided the opportunity to advance, manufacturing and construction in particular, have gone through changes that allow for a decrease in the amount of necessary employees. New technology, while helpful to society as a whole, removes the necessity of several positions in the industries, thus lessening the availability of such industrial jobs.

More than just the influx of new technology, though, is the fact that most higher-paying jobs require that those holding the jobs have some form of higher education. The bare minimum for these positions is usually a bachelor's degree, but some require further knowledge as gained in graduate school or beyond. The main problem, it seems, is that only 30% of workers in the Southland, compared to over 40% in the Bay Area, have a bachelor's degree, and that just isn't enough to fill the growing need for skilled employees. Without workers to fill these positions, many companies are forced to move elsewhere to find employees.

With a trend toward lower-paying jobs comes a marked decrease in median household income. Just as the Southland has more individuals lacking college degrees, nearly 18% of families in Southern California fall below the poverty line, a dramatic difference from the Bay Area's 11%. According to experts, the way to boost income levels in the Southland is to get more of the population into post-secondary schooling options.

A variety of high-paying jobs are indeed available in Southern California. From healthcare to construction, and everything in between, there are plenty of job opportunities for those with the necessary skills. All we need now is for people to gain those skills.

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Los Angeles: A Leader in Technology

10/8/14 - When many people think about the relationship between California and technology, Silicon Valley tends to be the first connection to jump into their minds. Santa Clara County, home to Silicon Valley, does indeed have plenty of technology-based jobs, but is it really Number One? According to Tim Logan's article in the L.A. Times, the real leader, at least in sheer numbers, is Los Angeles County.

A study performed by Los Angeles County Economic Development Corporation produced results showing that L.A. has over 368,000 jobs in the technology sector, more than both Santa Clara's 313,000 and Boston's 361,000. While Los Angeles was once a powerhouse for careers in entertainment, jobs involving technology, including aerospace, architecture, engineering, and software design, have become much more common in the Los Angeles of today.

Not only is the number of jobs in technology growing; the pay rate for these careers is on the rise as well. Jobs in the high tech industry can pay approximately $87,000 per year, a difference of over $30,000 compared to the lower-paying jobs in non-technological industries. As Logan's article states, while 9% of the country's jobs are in high-tech industries, 17% of all wages in the country go to those employees in such industries.

In summation, Los Angeles is in the midst of a technological boom. With the push for faster production, in a world of instant gratification, technology is the way of the future. As people need the creation of newer innovations, high-tech industries will continue to grow. With the evolution of newer technologies and better jobs, this trend may, in the long run, have a dramatic effect on the economy as a whole, not just for those individuals in the high-tech industries.

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The Economy: Looking Up?

7/7/14 - Looking around, seeing homes facing foreclosure, businesses having to shut their doors, and unemployment rates through the roof, one might think that the American economy is struggling as much as ever. However, according to a recent article by Don Lee of the Los Angeles Times, things may not be quite as bad as they seem.

Sure, America may have a 6% average unemployment rate and recent college graduates may have trouble finding work, but, compared to most other countries, we seem to be doing well. The average income of an American citizen far exceeds that of a Chinese citizen, and even with the recession taking its tolls, the United States leads the world in labor force growth. More and more individuals enter the workforce every day, and with them comes the promise of increased production, and effectively, economic stimulation.

Lee's statistics show that while job opportunities have decreased dramatically in such middle-of-the-road fields as manufacturing and construction, employment has risen markedly in positions of both unskilled labor (restaurants, retail outlets) and highly skilled work (computer design, healthcare). In summation, Lee implies that one of the greatest factors in assisting the American economy back to its future glory is the ever-continuing addition of young adults, recent college graduates, into the labor force. It is those young adults who innovate, who expand the diversity of the workforce, who invest in capital such as real estate, and thus, it makes sense that these individuals are the “missing ingredient” in America's future economic recovery.

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